Adolf Hitler

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Adolf Hitler History

Adolf Hitler was born on April 20, 1889 in the Austrian city of Braunau; fourth son, the early death of his mother, to whom he was very close, left deep wounds in his soul. His family moved in 1895, went to live in the country, in the village of Hafeld, 45 Km south-west of Linz. Following a further move of the family, Adolf lived for six months near a large Benedictine monastery. In the emblem of the convent there was a swastika in a very visible position. As a boy, Adolf's dream was to become a priest.

Enrolled in the royal school of Linz, he highlighted himself as a problematic student with a not brilliant performance: he was struggling to integrate himself, to study and to have a harmonious relationship with students and professors. In 1903 his father died, following a pleural hemorrhage; Adolf himself was subject to lung infections; he left school at sixteen. In 1906 he was allowed to visit Vienna, but failed to get admission to a prestigious art school.During his years in Vienna he went about forming his own prejudices about Jews, interest in politics and speaking skills. Two of his dearest friends of the period were Jews, he admired Jewish art dealers and Jewish singers and producers who worked in opera. However, in Vienna, in those years, anti-Semitism was widespread and the press portrayed the Jews according to the usual stereotypes, giving them the blame for many problems: Hitler was fascinated by that propaganda.

In particular he fiercely contested the Marxist and Bolshevik theories, above all for their rejection of bourgeois and capitalist values. Just hearing about communism caused him hysterics. A hate added hate, when he discovered that among the main proponents and disseminators of such ideas was hidden much of the Jewish intelligentsia. In his delirium he began to take on the Jews the most absurd faults: to be internationalists and materialists (therefore against the supremacy of the national state), to enrich themselves to the detriment of the citizens of other regions, to undermine the supremacy of the German race in the empire.
On August 1, 1914, there was a declaration of war; Hitler could not wait to participate and, after the war broke out, he distinguished himself on the field, earning numerous military awards. In 1918 Germany was defeated and it threw him into despair. In 1919 he began his real political activity, constituting, the following year, the National Socialist Party of German Workers (NSDAP). The beginnings were stormy, so that, following his activities as an agitator, he was arrested. During his imprisonment he wrote "Mein Kampf", a manifesto of his ideology full of nationalism, racism, convictions about the superiority of the "Aryan race", hatred against Jews, Marxists and liberals. He was released from prison after only nine months and returned to the NASDAP. In 1929, thanks to the great economic crisis, Hitler with his movement tried to leverage the discontent of some populations exasperated by unemployment and social tensions. In the 1930 elections his party grew a lot, earning over a hundred seats in Parliament. Meanwhile, he used his brown shirts in real paramilitary organizations in street battles. The rise to Nazism began in 1932, when he ran for President and obtained 30% of the votes, forcing Paul von Hindenburg to run the ballot. The latter ended up winning. A deal was made: in exchange for political support, Hitler would become chancellor.
At the death of Hinderburg Hitler was appointed his successor in August 1934, thus consolidating his position as a dictator, proclaiming himself Fuhrer (supreme head of the Third Reich). The persecutions began to strike violently with the Jews expelled en masse from their work assignments, with the racial laws of 1935, deprived of German citizenship and, later, deported to the extermination camps. In terms of foreign policy, the program foresaw the union of all Germanic peoples in one great nation with the task of colonizing Europe and destroying the communist systems. Hitler began a race to rearm, while simultaneously holding a pact of steel first with Mussolini and, later, with Japan. On 1 September 1939 the German army invaded Poland. England and France declared war on Germany. In June 1941, Hitler invaded Russia. At first he won many victories, but then things overturned and the German army suffered crushing defeats in Moscow (December 1941) and Stalingrad (winter 1942-1943). The United States entered the war in December 1941. On July 9, 1943 the Allies landed in southern Italy: Mussolini, Hitler's main ally, lost power; in 1944 the allies landed in Normandy and the German cities were destroyed by bombing. The cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki were bombed with atomic weapons and Japan was forced to surrender.
In 1945 the enemy's armies surrounded Berlin. Hitler, defeated and isolated in the bunker of the chancellery, where he still tried a strenuous defense, took his life, after having married his lover, Eva Braun (suicide with him).

Adolf Hitler

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